Scoliosis
Scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine, most often first noticed during adolescence when it can appear during growth spurts. Adults can also develop scoliosis as spinal discs and joints degenerate with age. Most curves are mild and never need surgery.
What are the symptoms of Scoliosis?
- Uneven shoulders, waist, or hips
- One shoulder blade sticking out more than the other
- A visible rib prominence when bending forward
- In adults, back pain or leg symptoms from associated nerve compression
What causes Scoliosis?
In most cases the cause of scoliosis is never found. This is called idiopathic scoliosis, and it usually appears during the growth spurt just before puberty. It tends to run in families, so genetics clearly play a part even though no single gene explains it. Less often, scoliosis has a known cause: a spine that did not form normally before birth (congenital), or a nerve and muscle condition such as cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy. In older adults, curves can develop as the spine degenerates with age.
When should you see a specialist for Scoliosis?
Most scoliosis is managed with observation, and growing adolescents with progressing curves may be treated with bracing, surgery is reserved for large or steadily worsening curves. Adults typically consider surgical consultation when the curve is associated with significant pain, nerve symptoms, or progression that conservative care has not controlled. A spine specialist can measure the curve and set an appropriate monitoring plan.
How is Scoliosis treated?
Common questions
Does scoliosis always need surgery?
No, the large majority of curves are mild and need only monitoring, and bracing manages many progressing curves in adolescents. Spinal fusion is typically considered for severe or steadily worsening curves.
Can adults develop scoliosis?
Yes. Degenerative scoliosis develops as discs and joints wear unevenly with age, and treatment focuses on symptoms, therapy, medication, and injections, before any discussion of surgery.
Will scoliosis get worse over time?
Many curves stay stable, especially mild ones after growth ends. Larger curves have more tendency to progress, which is why periodic monitoring with a specialist matters.
This page provides general information only and is not medical advice. Consult a qualified physician about your specific situation. Listings are not endorsements.