Knee Arthritis
Knee arthritis is the gradual wearing down of the cartilage that cushions the knee joint, most commonly from osteoarthritis. It typically develops over years and becomes more common with age, prior knee injuries, and higher body weight. It is one of the leading causes of activity-limiting knee pain in adults.
What are the symptoms of Knee Arthritis?
- Knee pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest
- Stiffness, especially in the morning or after sitting
- Swelling that comes and goes
- Grinding, crunching, or creaking sensations
- Gradual loss of motion or a sense the knee is less reliable
What causes Knee Arthritis?
Most knee arthritis is osteoarthritis: the smooth cartilage that caps the bones wears down over years until bone rubs against bone. Age is the strongest driver, but earlier injuries such as a torn meniscus or ACL, repetitive heavy loading, and carrying extra body weight all speed it up, since every pound adds several pounds of force across the knee. Genetics and the natural alignment of the leg play a part too. Less commonly, inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or gout damage the joint.
When should you see a specialist for Knee Arthritis?
Arthritis care usually starts non-surgically, exercise, physical therapy, weight management, medication, and sometimes injections, and many people manage well for years this way. Consider seeing a surgeon when pain regularly limits walking, sleep, or activities you care about despite that care. An evaluation does not commit you to surgery; it clarifies where you stand and what your options are.
How is Knee Arthritis treated?
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Common questions
Does knee arthritis always lead to knee replacement?
No. Many people manage arthritis for years, or indefinitely, with exercise, weight management, and other non-surgical care. Replacement is typically reserved for advanced arthritis that significantly limits quality of life.
Can knee arthritis be cured?
Worn cartilage does not grow back, so treatment focuses on reducing pain and preserving function. That said, symptoms can often be improved substantially without surgery.
What surgical options exist?
Depending on the pattern of wear, options may include partial or total knee replacement, robotic-assisted replacement, or, for isolated cartilage defects in younger patients, cartilage restoration procedures. A joint replacement surgeon can match the option to your knee.
This page provides general information only and is not medical advice. Consult a qualified physician about your specific situation. Listings are not endorsements.