Cartilage Restoration

Cartilage restoration covers a group of procedures that repair or regrow damaged cartilage in a joint, most often the knee. Options include marrow stimulation (microfracture), cartilage transfer (OATS), and lab-grown cartilage cell implantation (such as MACI). These procedures are typically used for isolated cartilage defects in younger, active patients rather than widespread arthritis.

What to expect

  • Performed arthroscopically or through a small open incision, typically under general anesthesia.
  • Usually an outpatient procedure; some techniques require two stages, including one to collect cartilage cells.
  • Weight-bearing is often restricted for roughly six weeks to protect the healing surface, with crutches and sometimes a brace.
  • A continuous, structured physical therapy program is central to recovery.
  • Return to sports commonly takes six months to a year or more, depending on the technique and the size of the defect.

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Common questions

Who is a candidate for cartilage restoration?
Candidates typically are younger, active people with a discrete area of cartilage damage and an otherwise healthy joint. Widespread arthritis is usually treated differently, often with joint replacement when severe.
How long is recovery after cartilage surgery?
Recovery is longer than most knee arthroscopy, commonly six to twelve months before full return to sport, because the repaired surface matures slowly. Your surgeon will set weight-bearing and activity milestones.
What are the alternatives?
Depending on the situation, options may include physical therapy, activity modification, injections, or, for advanced damage, partial or total knee replacement. A sports medicine surgeon can review imaging and explain what fits your case.

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Related conditions

Knee Arthritis

This page provides general information only and is not medical advice. Consult a qualified physician about your specific situation. Listings are not endorsements.